Glosario de Terminos
El glosario de terminos de este capitulo explica lo que se usa comunmente en las areas donde se maneja o usa la pintura. Muchos de los terminos que se usan actualmente son comprensibles, pero algunos son dificiles de distinguir claramente. El proposito de este glosario es eliminar errores por interpretaciones contradictorias de los terminos.
A.
- Resistencia a la abrasion
- Resistencia a la friccion
- Abrasivo
- Tipo de abrasivo necesario para realizar el tratamiento del sustrato con un metodo de pulverizacion similar a la granalla de arena
- Absorcion
- Absorcion Absorcion de un material con un objeto
- Acelerador
- Acelerador Sustancia que aumenta la velocidad de una reaccion quimica; en pintura, promueve el curado o la reticulacion de la resina
- Resina acrilica
- Resina acrilica Resina sintetica fabricada por la polimerizacion de diversos compuestos acrilicos
- Activador
- Activador Acelerador o endurecedor
- Agente de curado aducto
- Agente de curado aducto Endurecedor combinado con parte de la resina
- Adherencia
- Adherencia El grado de contacto estrecho entre una pelicula y una superficie subyacente
- Adsorcion
- Adsorcion Capacidad de adsorcion en una superficie; adhesion de otras moleculas a la superficie de un objeto
- Boquilla de aire
- Boquilla de aire Orificio en la parte frontal de la pistola que ajusta automaticamente la cantidad de aire
- Secado al aire
- Secado al aire Metodo de secado por oxidacion o evaporacion mediante exposicion al aire sin calentamiento
- Atrapamiento de aire
- Atrapamiento de aire Estado en el que se generan burbujas de aire en la pelicula de pintura
- Pulverizacion sin aire
- Pulverizacion sin aire Revestimiento por pulverizacion que no usa aire para pulverizar la pintura
- Hidrocarburo alifatico
- Hidrocarburo alifatico Solvente de baja solubilidad obtenido del petroleo (compuesto de cadena lineal)
- Alcali
- Alcali
- Resina alquidica
- Resina alquidica Resina fabricada al hacer reaccionar alcohol con acido
- Agrietamiento en cocodrilo
- Agrietamiento en cocodrilo Fenomeno en el que la apariencia del recubrimiento se arruga pareciendo piel de cocodrilo
- Aducto de amina
- Aducto de amina Agente de curado amina mezclado con parte de la resina
- Amina
- Amina Compuesto organico con grupo -NH2; compuesto organico sustituido en amoniaco
- Perfil de anclaje
- Perfil de anclaje Rugosidad observada en seccion lateral
- Anodo
- Anodo Polo positivo de una bateria donde ocurre una reaccion de oxidacion; en corrosion, es la parte que se transforma en solucion
- Pintura o composicion anticorrosiva
- Pintura o composicion anticorrosiva Pintura para prevenir la corrosion del metal
- Hidrocarburo aromatico
- Hidrocarburo aromatico Compuesto benzenico de alta solubilidad, como tolueno o xileno
B.
- Capa barrera
- Capa barrera Metodo de recubrimiento para aislar la capa de la superficie a recubrir
- Aglutinante
- Aglutinante Agente que mantiene los contenidos no volatiles y los pigmentos en un sellante contenido en la pintura
- Recubrimiento bituminoso
- Recubrimiento bituminoso Pintura elaborada por fusion de alquitran de hulla o asfalto
- Angulo de granallado
- Angulo de granallado Angulo de la boquilla o de las particulas pulverizadas respecto a la superficie
- Limpieza por granallado
- Limpieza por granallado Metodo para limpiar o rugosizar una superficie con aire comprimido o por via mecanica con abrasivos de acero
- Sangrado
- Sangrado El color de la capa base se mancha al aplicar la capa final.
- Ampollamiento
- Ampollamiento Fenomeno en el que el recubrimiento se hincha parcialmente; puede incluir vapores, gases o cristales.
- Empanamiento
- Empanamiento Fenomeno en el que aparecen manchas mates tipo huella sobre una capa brillante, dando aspecto de decoloracion; algunas desaparecen al frotar
- Blanqueamiento
- Blanqueamiento Fenomeno en el que la pelicula se vuelve opaca durante el secado; perdida de brillo por humedad
- Cuerpo
- Cuerpo Termino que indica viscosidad aparente
- Aumento de viscosidad
- Aumento de viscosidad Fenomeno en el que la viscosidad de pintura, barniz o laca aumenta durante el almacenamiento
- Union
- Union Adherencia
- Rebote
- Rebote Fenomeno en el que la pintura rebota y salpica desde la superficie durante la pulverizacion
- Mezcla por trasvase
- Mezcla por trasvase Mezcla por trasvase de un recipiente a otro
- Puenteo
- Puenteo Metodo para nivelar agujeros o zonas danadas y dejarlas al ras de la superficie del sustrato
- Fragilidad
- Fragilidad Grado en que la pintura se agrieta o rompe al doblarse
- Brochabilidad
- Brochabilidad Facilidad de aplicacion con brocha
- Burbujeo
- Burbujeo Fenomeno en el que se generan burbujas temporal o permanentemente por aire o vapor de solvente
- Espesor
- Espesor Espesor de pelicula seca de pintura o barniz
- Butadieno
- Butadieno Hidrocarburo insaturado usado como comonomero en diversas resinas
C.
- Catalizador
- Catalizador Acelerador o endurecedor
- Cathode Anodo
- Cathode Opuesto al anodo; electrodo de una bateria donde ocurre reaccion de reduccion
- Proteccion catodica
- Proteccion catodica An electrical method for preventing corrosion by using cathode and anode compounds in which a corrosion reaction does not occur
- Grupo carboxilo
- Grupo carboxilo Compuesto acido con grupo -COOH
- Centipoise
- Centipoise Unidad de viscosidad
- Tizamiento
- Tizamiento A phenomenon in which a white, chalky powder is formed on the surface of a coating film
- Cuarteado
- Cuarteado Fenomeno en el que la superficie de la pelicula se cuartea
- Astillado 1)
- Astillado 1) 1) Metodo de tratamiento de superficie de acero con martillo especial 2) Tipo de defecto de pintura
- Caucho clorado
- Caucho clorado Chlorinated polypropylene, chlorinated rubber
- Cratereado por contaminacion
- Cratereado por contaminacion A kind of defect in which wet coating does not spread well to the surface and agglomerates
- Limpiador 1)
- Limpiador 1) Acid, alkali or other cleaning agent (based on water or steam) 2) Solventes for cleaning coating equipment
- Superficie limpia
- Superficie limpia Superficie bien tratada
- Alquitran de hulla
- Alquitran de hulla Residuo que queda despues de la destilacion del carbon
- Pintura epoxi de alquitran de hulla
- Alquitran de hulla epoxy paint Pintura cuyo aglutinante esta compuesto por resina epoxi y alquitran de hulla
- Capa
- Capa Una capa de pintura, barniz, laca, etc. La especificacion suele determinarse por el numero de capas
- Hilado
- Hilado Fenomeno en el que no salen particulas finas de la boquilla y la pintura sale en forma de hilo
- Cohesion
- Cohesion Fuerza con la que las particulas de pintura o pelicula de barniz se mantienen unidas; distinta de la adherencia
- Curado en frio
- Curado en frio Proceso de curado a temperatura ambiente
- Solidez del color
- Solidez del color No ocurre decoloracion
- Retencion del color
- Retencion del color Capacidad de mantener el color original durante el envejecimiento de la pelicula
- Compatibilidad
- Compatibilidad The degree of mixing with different compounds Compatibilidad
- Convertidor
- Convertidor Catalizadors, hardeners, accelerators, namely a substance that changes the condition
- Copolimero
- Copolimero Material polimerico obtenido por copolimerizacion de distintos monomeros
- Corrosion
- Corrosion Fenomeno en el que la corrosion ocurre por oxidacion debido a condiciones ambientales
- Rendimiento
- Rendimiento Area que la pintura puede cubrir por unidad de volumen basada en pelicula seca
- Agrietamiento
- Agrietamiento Fenomeno en el que una pelicula de recubrimiento se agrieta profundamente sobre el sustrato
- Cratereado
- Cratereado Fenomeno en el que se forma una pequena depresion en forma de crater en la pelicula
- Retraccion de pelicula
- Retraccion de pelicula Fenomeno en el que la superficie del recubrimiento se contrae de forma irregular
- Agente de reticulacion
- Agente de reticulacion Sustancia que reacciona quimicamente con cadenas moleculares de un termoplastico para interconectarlas
- Pulverizacion cruzada
- Pulverizacion cruzada A spraying procedure, in which spraying is first applied vertically and then laterally
- Curado
- Curado Proceso de calentamiento o condensacion quimica o polimerizacion de una sustancia
- Curado agent
- Agente de curado Sustancia que acelera el curado de la pelicula
D.
- Valvula deadman
- Valvula deadman Locking the valve of blast nozzle by a remote controller
- Desengrasante
- Desengrasante Solucion o compuesto quimico capaz de eliminar grasa
- Delaminacion
- Delaminacion Separacion de capas de objetos superpuestos
- Desincrustado
- Descaling (scaling) Metodo para eliminar cascarilla u oxido en acero mediante procedimiento mecanico o llama
- Punto de rocio
- Dew point La temperatura a la que se condensa la humedad
- Diluyente
- Diluent Liquido volatil o diluyente que no actua como solvente de los componentes no volatiles del barniz o la laca; se usa junto con solventes reales
- Secante
- Secante Sustancia quimica que oxida la pintura o acelera su secado
- Pulverizacion seca
- Pulverizacion seca Superposicion de particulas parcialmente secas antes de que la pintura se asiente en la superficie
- Tiempo de secado
- Tiempo de secado El tiempo para completar el secado despues de la aplicacion
- Dry to handle
- Dry to handle Tiempo hasta que una superficie pintada puede manipularse sin dano
- Dry to recoat
- Dry to recoat Tiempo de secado hasta poder aplicar una segunda capa
- Dry to touch
- Dry to touch Tiempo de secado hasta quedar libre de pegajosidad
- Drying oil
- Drying oil Aceite con capacidad de formar una pelicula relativamente dura por oxidacion al exponerse al aire (aceites vegetales como linaza o tung)
- Dulling
- Dulling Loss of gloss
- Durabilidad
- Durabilidad Grado en que una pelicula de recubrimiento resiste una condicion dada
E.
- Eflorescencia
- Eflorescencia A soluble, basic compound that is used on bricks or concrete surfaces
- Electrolysis
- Electrolysis The method of decomposition by electric discharge
- Eletrolyte
- Electrolito Sustancia que se convierte en iones al disolverse y cargarse electricamente
- Electrostatic spray
- Electrostatic spray A method of coating by generating static electricity between a surface to be coated and sprayed paint
- Pintura en emulsion
- Pintura en emulsion A water-based paint made of emulsion sealant
- Esmalte
- Esmalte A hard, glossy paint with pigment added to the varnish
- Pintura epoxi
- Pintura epoxi A paint composed of epoxy resin, which is classified as follows according to the factor that forms the crosslinking. Namely, epoxy/amine epoxy/polyamide epoxy/isocyanate. Here, polyamine, polyamide, isocyanate, etc. are typical crosslinking factors
- Epoxy resin
- Resina epoxi Resina sintetica con grupo epoxi
- Epoxy ester
- Epoxy ester Epoxy-modified dry oil
- Erosion
- Erosion Fenomeno en el que se desgasta la pelicula de pintura; puede aparecer tizamiento si es severo
- Ester
- Ester A reactant between alcohol and acid
- Etch
- Etch A method of surface treatment by a chemical method before coating to increase adhesion
- Etch primer
- Etch primer A polyvinyl butyral, zinc chromate paint, which is called a wash primer and uses acid as a catalyst
- Extender
- Extender Cuerpo pigment, A powdery inorganic material with almost no hiding power due to a low refractive index
- External mix
- External mix A spray used by mixing paint and outside air
- Elastomer
- Elastomer A polymer having rubber phase properties
F.
- Fadeometer
- Fadeometer A machine for testing the resistance of colors
- Decoloracion
- Decoloracion Decrease in color brightness (decoloration)
- False body
- False body Having thixotropic properties
- Fan pattern
- Fan pattern A geometric pattern of a spray method
- Feather edge
- Feather edge A thin end
- Filiform corrosion
- Filiform corrosion Corrosion of a steel plate in a thread shape under a coating film
- Filler
- Filler A material to be filled in cracks to smoothen a surface
- Espesor de pelicula
- Espesor de pelicula Dry film thickness that can be applied in one coat
- Film former
- Formador de pelicula Sustancia que forma pelicula tras el secado despues de aplicarse en estado fluido
- Film integrity
- Film integrity Continuous state of coating film
- Film thickness gauge
- Film thickness gauge A device for measuring the film thickness of paint and a machine for measuring the dry film and wet film
- Fineness of grind
- Fineness of grind Particle size or roughness during coating The degree of dispersion of pigment ina binder
- Fingering
- Fingering Improper coating shape (broken finger shape)
- Flaking
- Flaking Breaking into small pieces or debris
- Flammability
- Flammability A condition in which fire may easily occur
- Punto de inflamacion
- Punto de inflamacion The lowest temperature at which solvent vapors will ignite in air
- Floating
- Flotacion Fenomeno en el que el pigmento asciende a la superficie de la pelicula
- Flooding Floating
- Flooding Refer to floating
- Flow
- Flow The state of spreading on a surface of a wet film after spraying so that the brush marks or the surface condition after drying can be consistent
- Flow cup
- Flow cup A tool for measuring the viscosity of paint or varnish
- Fluid tip
- Fluid tip A nozzle of a spray gun with a needle-hole size
- Fogging
- Fogging A cloudy condition such as fog
- Force drying
- Force drying A method of increasing the temperature to accelerate drying
- Fungicide
- Fungicide A toxic substance that prevents bacteria It suppresses or prevents the growth of bacteri
G.
- Galvanic corrosion
- Galvanic corrosion Electrical corrosion different from steel corrosion
- Generic
- Generic A collection of any special objects
- Brillo
- Brillo Luster, reflectance, brightness
- Brillo retention
- Brillo retention The ability to maintain the initial gloss
- Grit
- Grit An abrasive made of iron slag (threads) or other materials
- Grit Blasting Blasting clearing
- Grit Blasting Refer to blasting clearing
H.
- Endurecedor
- Endurecedor A curing agent, accelerator, catalyst, or crosslinking accelerator
- Poder cubriente
- Poder cubriente Obliterating power
- Alta construccion
- Alta construccion A paint that can be applied thickly in one coat
- Pinhole/grieta
- Pinhole/grieta Pinholes, cracks
- Pinhole/grieta detector
- Pinhole/grieta detector A pinhole inhibitor
- Hydrophilic
- Hydrophilic A property in which a substance can easily be mixed with or dissolved in water
- Hydroxyl
- Hydroxyl A compound having a -OH group
I.
- Impact resistance
- Impact resistance Power resistant to impact. Impact resistance
- Imcompatibility
- Imcompatibility A property in which substances are not mixed with each other
- Inhibitive pigment
- Inhibitive pigment A pigment that prevents or inhibits corrosion
- Inorganic
- Inorganic Compounds not containing carbon
- Intercoat coatings
- Intercoat coatings Paint with a vehicle made of inorganic compounds and a coating method
- Intercoat contamination
- Intercoat contamination The presence of impurities in continuous coating
- Internal mix
- Internal mix A spray gun that sprays paint after premixing the paint and inside air
- Intumesce
- Intumesce Swelling phenomenon during combustion Burbujeo or swelling when heat is applied.
- Isocyante resins
- Isocyante resins A compound having an NCO group such as a polyurethane resin
K.
- KTA panel
- KTA panel A special test board having patterns with a very uniform interval or marks
- Ketons
- Ketons Organic solvent with a -CO group Commonly used ketones are acetone dimethyl ketone, MEK (Methylethyl ketone), and MIBK (Methyl isobutyl ketone).
- Kreb units
- Kreb units Unidad de viscosidad
L.
- Laca
- Laca A paint made of nitrocellulose, which dries fast and has low non-volatility, in general
- Latex
- Latex Natural or synthetic rubber emulsions or synthetic resin emulsions
- Leaching
- Leaching The process of filtering a mixture with a solvent to extract the dissolved matter from the mixture with impurities
- Leafing
- Leafing The position of pigment particles based on the horizontal plane of a film
M.
- Mendrel Test
- Mendrel Test A physical method to test adhesion and bendability
- Micron
- Micron 1/1000mm
- Mil
- Mil 1/1000inch：25.4microns
- Milscale
- Milscale Oxidation compromised of a black film that occurs during the process of heating steel
- Mineral spirits
- Mineral spirits Hydrocarbons in fat, which are extracted from petroleum
- Miscible
- Miscible Easy to mix and combine
- Capa de niebla
- Capa de niebla A method of coating very thinly
- Monomer
- Monomer A unit molecule for making a polymer
- Mud-cracking
- Mud-cracking An irregularly cracked state
N.
- Non-drying oil
- Non-drying oil Oil that is not oxidized when exposed to air It does not affect film formation.
- Nonflammable
- Nonflammable Incombustible
- Nonvolatile
- Nonvolatile Liquids remaining after solvent evaporation in solids, nonvolatile components, and paint
O.
- Oil length
- Oil length Modified alkyd resin The ratio of oil to resin such as varnish
- Oleo-resinous
- Oleo-resinous A varnish made of dry vegetable oil with a natural or synthetic resin
- Opacidad(hiding power)
- Opacidad (hiding power) Performance of one coat of paint, which can hide the color of the surface to be coated
- Piel de naranja
- Piel de naranja A phenomenon in which a dry film surface resembles an orange peel
- Organic compound
- Organic compound A compound containing carbon
- Osmosis
- Osmosis Osmotic pressure, A liquid moving to a coating film of paint or other materials
- Oxidation
- Oxidation Combining with oxygen Namely, drying or combustion, anti-rust, e
P.
- Pass(spray)
- Pass (spray) Spaying in one direction with a spray gun
- Passivation
- Passivation Inert or non-reactive action
- Desprendimiento
- Desprendimiento A phenomenon in which paint is peeled and falls off
- Phenolic resins
- Phenolic resins Synthetic resin made by reacting phenol compounds (phenol, cresol, xylene, resorcinol) with formaldehyde It may be used for paint and varnish by transforming into rosin, rosin base ester-drying oil, etc.
- PH value
- PH value Valor que especifica acidez y alcalinidad. pH 7 es neutro, 1-7 acido y 7-14 alcalino.
- Phosphating
- Phosphating Zinc, Surface treatment to form an iron or manganese film
- Pickling
- Pickling Surface treatment by immersing a steel plate using acid
- Pigment/binder ratio
- Pigment/binder ratio The ratio of the total pigment to binder in paint It is represented as a normal volume ratio.
- Pigmentos
- Pigmentos Solids that can reflect color Pigment
- Pigment volume concetration(PVC)
- Pigment volume Concentration (PVC) The ratio of pigment in dry film presented as a percentage by volume
- Pin-holing
- Pin-holing The shape of a small hole in film that appears deep into a surface Refer to cratering
- Plasticizer
- Plastificante Sustancia agregada a la resina para mejorar la resistencia al doblado
- Polymer
- Polymer A vinyl resin with one or more molecules bonded is a typical polymer.
- Polyvinyl acetate(PVA)
- Polyvinyl acetate (PVA) Synthetic resin used for water-based paints. It is made by the polymerization of vinyl acetate.
- Polyvinyl chloride(PVC)
- Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Synthetic resin used for solvent-based paint It is produced by the polymerization of vinyl chloride. It is also used in water-based emulsion.
- Resina de poliuretano
- Resina de poliuretano Resina sintetica fabricada al reaccionar poliisocianato con un polimero que contiene grupo hidroxilo; usualmente es 2K y se mezcla antes del uso
- Porosity
- Porosity Steam transfer ability
- Vida util de la mezcla
- Vida util de la mezcla Usable time after mixing 2K paint
- Prefabrication primer
- Prefabrication primer Shop primer A quick-drying paint that is thinly coated to protect a steel surface after surface treatment, such as by blasting, before or during the manufacture of any structure or object
- Profile
- Profile Side view
R.
- Reflectance
- Reflectance Light reflectance
- Resin
- Resin Natural or artificial synthetic resin forming coating contained in paint, varnish, lacquer, etc.
- Roller
- Roller A tool used for coating
S.
- Escurrimiento
- Escurrimiento When paint is applied and left vertically, the paint flows down, and the bottom part becomes thick
- Safomify
- Safomify Saponification Alcalizing an ester compound
- Sellador
- Sellador Material transparente o coloreado que se aplica sobre superficies absorbentes antes del recubrimiento
- Settling
- Settling Sedimentation
- Shade
- Shade The degree to which gray color appears
- Vida en almacen
- Vida en almacen The maximum storage time for storing a material without any problem__
- Shot blasting
- Shot blasting Refer to blast cleaning
- Skinning
- Skinning A solid film or film formed on the upper surface of liquid
- Solids
- Solids Nonvolatile matter in paint
- Solids volume
- Solids volume A percentage by volume of nonvolatile matter in paint
- Solvente
- Solvente Liquido capaz de disolver otras sustancias
- Spray cap
- Spray cap A plug in front of a spray gun with an air vent
- Spray head
- Spray head A word collectively referred to as a needle, tip and air cap of a spray gun
- Spray pattern
- Spray pattern The manner of spraying A constant rate of spray gun, etc.
- Rendimiento de aplicacion
- Rendimiento de aplicacion The application amount calculated based on a dry film thickness
- Sustrato
- Sustrato Superficie de un objeto a revestir
- Synthetic
- Synthetic Artificial, not natural
T.
- Pegajosidad
- Pegajosidad The degree of stickiness when pressed with a finger
- Thermoplastic
- Thermoplastic A property in which a heated material becomes liquid after softening and hardened after cooling
- Diluyentes
- Diluyentes Volatile liquids used to lower the viscosity of paint
- Tixotropico
- Tixotropico Cuando se agita, la viscosidad disminuye; al dejarlo en reposo, vuelve a su estado original
- Toluene
- Toluene Organic hydrocarbon solvent commonly referred to as toluol
- Tooth
- Tooth The roughness of a surface viewed from the side
- Two component gun
- Two component gun A spray gun with two separate nozzles used for 2K paint
- 2K (dos componentes)
- 2K (dos componentes) 2K paint It must be mixed at the proper ratio right before use. The mixture should be used within the specified pot life.
U.
- Underatomized
- Underatomized Poor particle size due to insufficient dispersion
- Underbound
- Underbound Too much pigment mixed in varnish
- Imprimacion / Base
- Imprimacion / Base Pintura aplicada despues de la capa base; se aplica despues de la imprimacion o antes de la capa final
V.
- Barniz
- Barniz A binder: film forming agent
- Vehicle
- Vehicle The remaining liquid component excluding the pigment component in paint
- Vinyl copolymer
- Vinyl copolymer A copolymer resin made by the copolymerization of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride
- Vinyl resin
- Vinyl resin A plastic synthetic resin obtained by polymerizing monomers containing a vinyl group
- Viscosidad
- Viscosidad A measurement unit of a fluid state
- Viscosidad Cup
- Viscosidad Cup A device to measure the viscosity
- Voids
- Voids Holes
- Volatile content
- Volatile content The percentage of the amount of material that can evaporate
- Volume solids
- Volume solids The percentage of solid volume in paint
- Volume solids
- Volume solids The percentage of solid volume in paint
W.
- Wash primer
- Wash primer Polyvinyl butyrate An anti-corrosive paint that is made by using chromate pigment to a binder and is applied very thinly It is known as an etch primer.
- Water blasting
- Water blasting A method of surface treatment by spraying water at high speed
- Water Spotting
- Water Spotting A groove that is generated by small water droplets
- Weatherometer
- Weatherometer An accelerated weather resistance test device
- Weld slag
- Weld slag Non-crystalline residue generated during welding
- Weld spatter
- Weld spatter Bead-like metal attached to a welded part after welding
- Wetonwet
- Wetonwet A coating technique with which paint can be applied subsequently before the previous paint is dried A special design is required.
- Wet spray
- Wet spray Capaing a surface before paint coated on the surface dries
X.
- Xylene
- Xylene An organic hydrocarbon solvent called Xylol
Z.
- Imprimacion rica en zinc
- Imprimacion rica en zinc A primer that is coated on a steel surface to prevent electrical corrosion since dry film contains a lot of zinc dust. Here, zinc plays a role of cathodic protection in which zinc is corroded before the steel surface does.
- Zinc silicate
- Zinc silicate An inorganic zinc paint
- Zinc Yellow
- Zinc Yellow Zinc Chromate